Disparities found in survival benefits for people receiving CPR for cardiac arrest

Press release

Tuesday August 7, 2020

An NIH-funded study found that black women and adults had lower gains.

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The National Institutes of Health funded a study that found differences in survival rates based on race and sex for people receiving bystander CPR (CPR). cardiac arrestThe average survival benefit from cardiac arrest (when the heart suddenly stops beating) may be three times greater for white adults than for black adults, and twice as great for men as for women. The findings were published in Traffic.

We know that CPR can save lives, said Paula Einhorn, MD, a program officer at the NIH’s National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. The disparities in research indicate that we need to do more to improve outcomes for patients who need CPR. New knowledge could lead to better outcomes for patients in these groups.

The researchers analyzed 623,342 cases of cardiac arrest in the United States from 2013 to 2022. In those cases, nearly 1 in 10, or 58,098, people survived. About 40 percent of adults who suffered cardiac arrest received CPR from a bystander who was not part of an emergency response team. This could be a friend, family member, or member of the public. Survival rates were 28 percent higher for those who received bystander CPR than for those who did not. Survivors were more likely to have survived without serious brain injuries.

The researchers found that there were marked differences in the survival benefits of CPR based on race, ethnicity, and biological sex. Native American and white adults benefited the most, with 40% and 33% higher odds of survival, respectively, compared with adults who did not receive bystander CPR. Black adults, on the other hand, had a 9 % higher odds of survival. Both men and women receiving bystander CPR were more likely to survive when analyzed by sex. All groups evaluated found that black women were 5 % more likely to survive if bystander CPR was performed, while white men were 41 % more likely to survive.

The authors conducted subgroup analyses based on neighborhood diversity and income to identify possible factors that might explain differences in CPR. Regardless of where the patient lived or their income level, the results were the same: Women and black adults were less likely than men and white adults to receive CPR from a bystander.

Paul Chan, MD, is one of the study's first authors and a physician at Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute in Kansas City, Missouri. These findings suggest that we need to better understand how to improve survival and whether bystander CPR has the same benefits for all patients.

Previous research has found that there are inequalities in the rate of bystander CPR performed on blacks and Hispanics compared to whites and women compared to men. In response, CPR Training Online courses and awareness programs are now available across the country. Mannequins resembling a woman's body have also been designed.

The researchers say that assessing access to and effectiveness of CPR training could help identify and explain differences in survival rates and provide solutions. Future studies could ask whether a bystander was trained online or on-site, whether they used dark-skinned or light-skinned models or mannequins, whether there were multiple witnesses, which could indicate that the person received additional assistance and what type of assistance from the emergency dispatcher they had, and for how long. This information can help determine whether a victim is receiving CPR instructions for the very first time. The researchers do not believe that the fact that emergency medical responders arrived at similar times in each group affected the study results. In future studies, researchers could determine whether underlying medical conditions play a role in the survival of people requiring CPR.

The NHLBI funded part of the research.R01HL160734, R56HL158803 » K23HL153889NIH Eunice Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.K12HD043446).

The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute: NHLBI, a global leader, conducts and supports research on heart, blood, lung and sleep diseases that improves public and personal health and helps save lives. Visit the website for more information. ) https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/ The National Institutes of Health:

The NIH is the medical research agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services. It consists of 27 institutes and. Centers. The NIH, the national medical research agency, is the primary federal agency that conducts and supports basic, translational, and clinical medical research. It also studies the causes, treatment, and cures of common and rare diseases. on its programs. www.nih.gov NIH…Turning Discovery Into Healthcare

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